1.2.4.1.1 Deep Sea

Definition: Those marine ecosystems within substrate below the euphotic zone (the upper water layer from the surface to the depth of effective light penetration).

Definition Source: None

Deep Sea Categories:

1.2.4.1.1.1 Abyssal: Those marine ecosystems within the substrate below 2000 m, below the level of light penetration. (Definition Source: Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States)

1.2.4.1.1.2 Bathyal: Those marine ecosystems within substrate below the euphotic zone (the upper water layer from the surface to the depth of effective light penetration) and above 2000 m, the extent of the continental slope. (Definition Source: Fundamentals of Ecology)

1.2.4.1.1.3 Hadal Zone: Those marine ecosystems within the substrate in ocean trenches below 6000 m. (Definition Source: Marine Zoogeography)