Sustainable Development Indicator (SDI) Group
SDI Inventory, Organized by Sponsoring Organization
Sustainable Development Indicator (SDI) Group
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United States Department of Agriculture Indicators

The SDI Group derived the following indicators from those under consideration by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service as part of their national and international initiative on Sustainable Forest Management. Clicking on the issue or the SDI Framework element name will allow you to view all related indicators.

Consumption Non-wood Products (90)
Definition: supply and consumption/use of non-wood products from forests
Issue: Land Use/Deforestation
SDI Framework Element: Crude Materials for Further Processing
Crude Materials for Further Processing Characteristic: Amount of Wood Products

Cultural Forest Land (98)
Definition: area and percent of forest land managed in relation to the total area of forest land to protect the range of cultural, social and spiritual needs and values
Issue: Government/Conservation
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Dead Forest Water Bodies (79)
Definition: Number of water bodies that have lost half of their native fish populations
Issue: Biodiversity/Changing Biodiversity
SDI Framework Element: Biota Population
Biota Population Characteristic: Number of Water Bodies

Dead Forest Water Bodies (80)
Definition: Percent of water bodies in forest areas (e.g. stream kilometers, lake hectares ) with significant variation from the historic range of variability in pH, dissolved oxygen, levels of chemicals (electrical conductivity), sedimentation or temperature change.
Issue: Environment Quality/Water Quality
SDI Framework Element: Water Systems
Water Systems Characteristic: Number of Water Bodies

Diminished Forest Land (74)
Definition: area and percent of forest land with diminished biological components indicative of changes in fundamental ecological processes (e.g. soil, nutrient cycling, seed dispersion, pollination)
Issue: Biodiversity/Changing Biodiversity
SDI Framework Element: Ecosystem Diversity
Ecosystem Diversity Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Diminished Soil Forest Land (77)
Definition: Area forest land with soil of low organic content divided by total forest area
Issue: Resource/Soil Quality
SDI Framework Element: Soil Capacity
Soil Capacity Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Endangered Forest Species (64)
Definition: the status (rate, threatened, endangered, or extinct) of forest dependent species at risk of not maintaining viable breeding populations, as determined legislation or scientific assessment
Issue: Biodiversity/Changing Biodiversity
SDI Framework Element: Species Diversity
Species Diversity Characteristic: Number of Species

Environmentally dependent Jobs (400)
Definition: Total number of jobs involved in resource extraction, agriculture, recreation, and other industries that depend upon the environment
Issue: Economic Performance/Environmentally Dependent Industry
SDI Framework Element: Forestry Industry
Forestry Industry Characteristic: Number of Jobs

Exotic Species Plantations (69)
Definition: The area and growing stock of plantations of native and exotic species
Issue: Biodiversity/Exotic Species
SDI Framework Element: Agricultural Land
Agricultural Land Characteristic: Area of Land

Forest Data Users (116)
Definition: number of users of data published on trends in forest ecosystems
Issue: Education/Information Access
SDI Framework Element: Social Institutions
Social Institutions Characteristic: Number of Users

Forest Defendant Species (63)
Definition: The number of forest dependent species;
Issue: Government/Sustainable Development Education
SDI Framework Element: Species Diversity
Species Diversity Characteristic: Number of Species

Forest Diversity by Age (59)
Definition: extent of area by forest type and by age class or successional stage
Issue: Biodiversity/Changing Biodiversity
SDI Framework Element: Ecosystem Diversity
Ecosystem Diversity Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Forest Diversity by Type (58)
Definition: Ecosystem Diversity Extent of area by forest type relative to total forest area
Issue: Biodiversity/Changing Biodiversity
SDI Framework Element: Ecosystem Diversity
Ecosystem Diversity Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Forest Ecosystem Research (119)
Definition: dollars designated for research aimed at improving forest management and understanding of forest ecosystem characteristics and function
Issue: Government/Sustainable Development Education
SDI Framework Element: Expenditures
Expenditures Characteristic: Amount of Money Spent

Forest Fragmentation (62)
Definition: fragmentation of forest types
Issue: Biodiversity/Changing Biodiversity
SDI Framework Element: Ecosystem Diversity
Ecosystem Diversity Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Forest Indicators (118)
Definition: Total number of organizations (Federal, state, and local) developing indicators on sustainable forest management
Issue: Education/Information Access
SDI Framework Element: Governments and Legal Institutions
Governments and Legal Institutions Characteristic: Number of Groups

Forest Industry Growth (102)
Definition: growth in per capita income levels in forest dependent communities compared to national growth rate
Issue: Economic Performance/Environmentally Dependent Industry
SDI Framework Element: Forestry Industry
Forestry Industry Characteristic: Income

Forest Industry Jobs (100)
Definition: Direct and indirect employment in the forest sector and the forest sector employment as a proportion of total employment.
Issue: Economic Performance/Environmentally Dependent Industry
SDI Framework Element: Forestry Industry
Forestry Industry Characteristic: Number of Jobs

Forest Investment (94)
Definition: Total money invested in Forest maintenance per year
Issue: Infrastructure/Capital Investment
SDI Framework Element: Investment
Investment Characteristic: Amount of Money Spent

Forest Investment Return (97)
Definition: Total money invested per dollar extracted
Issue: Infrastructure/Capital Investment
SDI Framework Element: Investment
Investment Characteristic: Amount of Money Spent

Forest Land for Timber (67)
Definition: Area of forest land and net area of forest land available for timber production.
Issue: Land Use/Deforestation
SDI Framework Element: Productive Capacity
Productive Capacity Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Forest Law Enforcement (113)
Definition: number of persons designated to enforce laws, regulations, guidelines that promote the sustainable use of forests
Issue: Government/Environmental Protection
SDI Framework Element: Justice, Public Order and Safety
Justice, Public Order and Safety Characteristic: Number of Officers

Forest Management Laws (107)
Definition: Extent to which the legal framework (laws, regulations, guidelines) supports the conservation and sustainable management of forests, including the extent to which it encourages best practice codes for forest management.
Issue: Government/Environmental Protection
SDI Framework Element: Law
Law Characteristic: Number of Regulations

Forest Management Laws (108)
Definition: number of laws, regulations, and guidelines supporting the conservation and sustainable use of forests
Issue: Government/Environmental Protection
SDI Framework Element: Law
Law Characteristic: Number of Regulations

Forest Management Schools (111)
Definition: total number of colleges which offer courses in sustainable forest management
Issue: Government/Sustainable Development Education
SDI Framework Element: Intellectual and Cultural Organizations
Intellectual and Cultural Organizations Characteristic: Number of Schools

Forest Management Spending (123)
Definition: dollars designated for research and development aimed at improving forest management and delivery of forest goods and services, including ability to predict impacts on forests of possible climate change
Issue: Climate/Global Climate Change
SDI Framework Element: Expenditures
Expenditures Characteristic: Amount of Money spent

Forest Measurements (117)
Definition: capacity to measure and monitor changes in the conservation and sustainable management of forests, including scope, frequency and statistical reliability of forest inventories, assessments, monitoring and other relevant information
Issue: Education/Information Access
SDI Framework Element: Governments and Legal Institutions
Governments and Legal Institutions Characteristic: Amount of Data Collected

Forest Planning Policy (105)
Definition: Extent to which the legal framework (laws, regulations, guidelines) supports the conservation and sustainable management of forests, including the extent to which it provides for periodic forest-related planning, assessment, and policy review that recognizes the range of forest values, including coordination with relevant sectors.
Issue: Government/Public Policy
SDI Framework Element: Law
Law Characteristic: Number of Regulations

Forest Policy (110)
Definition: Number of plans released each year related to sustainable forest management
Issue: Government/Public Policy
SDI Framework Element: Governments and Legal Institutions
Governments and Legal Institutions Characteristic: Number of Plans

Forest Policy Hearings (106)
Definition: Number of people who attend public hearings related to sustainable forest management
Issue: Government/Public Policy
SDI Framework Element: Law
Law Characteristic: Number of People

Forest Product Infrastructure (112)
Definition: Dollars of capital per dollar extracted
Issue: Infrastructure/Public Infrastructure
SDI Framework Element: Crude Lumber and Wood Products
Crude Lumber and Wood Products Characteristic: Amount of Money

Forest Product Recycling (89)
Definition: Tons of recycled paper per year
Issue: Waste/Waste Handling
SDI Framework Element: Waste
Waste Characteristic: Mass of Waste

Forest Product Trade Policy (115)
Definition: Number of trade policies supporting sustainable forest management
Issue: Government/Public Policy
SDI Framework Element: Governments and Legal Institutions
Governments and Legal Institutions Characteristic: Number of Trade Policies

Forest Products Biomass (84)
Definition: total mass of carbon in wood products
Issue: Climate/Global Climate Change
SDI Framework Element: Contribution to Global System
Contribution to Global System Characteristic: Mass of Carbon

Forest Property Rights (104)
Definition: Extent to which the legal framework (laws, regulations, guidelines) supports the conservation and sustainable management of forests, including the extent to which it clarifies property rights, provides for appropriate land tenure arrangements, recognizes customary and traditional rights of indigenous people, and provides means of resolving property disputes by due process.
Issue: Government/Environmental Protection
SDI Framework Element: Law
Law Characteristic: Number of Regulations

Forest Recreation Facilities (92)
Definition: Number of facilities per visitor
Issue: Individual/Recreation
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Number of Facilities

Forest Research (95)
Definition: Total research and development expenditures per year
Issue: Infrastructure/Capital Investment
SDI Framework Element: Investment
Investment Characteristic: Amount of Money Spent

Forest Research Labs (121)
Definition: Total number of research organizations that conduct research on sustainable forest management
Issue: Government/Sustainable Development Spending
SDI Framework Element: Intellectual and Cultural Organizations
Intellectual and Cultural Organizations Characteristic: Number of Laboratories

Forest Resource Accounting (120)
Definition: Capacity to conduct and apply research and development aimed at improving forest management and delivery of forest goods and services, including development of methodologies to measure and integrate environmental and social costs and benefits into markets and public policies, and to reflect forest related resource depletion or replenishment in national accounting systems.
Issue: Economic Performance/Economic Satellite Accounts
SDI Framework Element: Expenditures
Expenditures Characteristic: TBD

Forest Species Population (66)
Definition: Population levels of representative species from diverse habitats monitored across their range.
Issue: Biodiversity/Changing Biodiversity
SDI Framework Element: Biota Population
Biota Population Characteristic: Species Population

Forest Substanance Use (103)
Definition: Protected areas of Forest Land used for subsistence purposes.
Issue: Government/Conservation
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Forest Valuation (114)
Definition: extent to which economic policies and measures support the conservation of forests
Issue: Government/Public Policy
SDI Framework Element: Governments and Legal Institutions
Governments and Legal Institutions Characteristic: Number of Policies

Forest Visitor Days (93)
Definition: number of visitor days attributed to recreation and tourism, in relation to population and forest area
Issue: Individual/Recreation
SDI Framework Element: Leisure Time
Leisure Time Characteristic: Time

Forest Worker Wages (101)
Definition: Average wage rates and injury rates in major employment categories within the forest sector.
Issue: Economic Performance/Environmentally Dependent Industry
SDI Framework Element: Income
Income Characteristic: Income

Human Forest Impact Spending (122)
Definition: millions of dollars devoted to research aimed at improving forest management and predicting impacts of human intervention on forests
Issue: Biodiversity/Habitat Change
SDI Framework Element: Expenditures
Expenditures Characteristic: Amount of Money Spent

Modified Forest Land (72)
Definition: Area and percent of forest affected by processes or agents beyond the range of historic variation, e.g. by insects, disease, competition from exotic species, fire, storm, land clearance, permanent flooding, salinisation, and domestic animals
Issue: Biodiversity/Habitat Change
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Modified Forest Streams (76)
Definition: Percent of stream kilometers in forested catchments in which stream flow and timing has significantly deviated from the historic range of variation.
Issue: Production/Erosion
SDI Framework Element: Water Systems
Water Systems Characteristic: Length of Streams

New Technology Spending (96)
Definition: Total dollars spent on new technology per year
Issue: Infrastructure/Capital Investment
SDI Framework Element: Expenditures
Expenditures Characteristic: Amount of Money Spent

Non-Timber Forest Product Removal (71)
Definition: Annual removal of non-timber forest products (e.g. fur bearers, berries, mushrooms, game), compared to the level determined to be sustainable.
Issue: Resource/Renewable Resources
SDI Framework Element: Crude Lumber and Wood Products
Crude Lumber and Wood Products Characteristic: Amount Non-Timber Products

Polluted Forest Land (73)
Definition: Area and percent of forest land subjected to levels of specific air pollutants (e.g. sulfates, nitrate, ozone) or ultra violet B that may cause negative impacts on the forest ecosystem.
Issue: Environment Quality/Air Quality
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Area of Land

Protected Forest by Age (61)
Definition: Extent of areas by forest type in protected areas defined by age class or successional stage
Issue: Government/Conservation
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Protected Forest by Type (60)
Definition: Extent of areas by forest type in protected area categories as defined by IUCNN2 or other classification systems.
Issue: Government/Conservation
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Public Forest Hearings (109)
Definition: total number of public hearings related to sustainable forest management
Issue: Government/Public Policy
SDI Framework Element: Organizing People
Organizing People Characteristic: Number of Hearings

Recreational Forest land (91)
Definition: Area and percent of forest land managed for general recreation and tourism, in relation to the total area of forest land.
Issue: Individual/Recreation
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Reduced Range Forest Species (65)
Definition: number of forest dependent species that occupy a small portion of their former range
Issue: Biodiversity/Changing Biodiversity
SDI Framework Element: Species Diversity
Species Diversity Characteristic: Number of Species

Soil Compaction Forest Land (78)
Definition: Area forest land with compacted soil divided by total forest area
Issue: Resource/Soil Quality
SDI Framework Element: Soil Capacity
Soil Capacity Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Total Forest Biomass (82)
Definition: Total forest ecosystem biomass and carbon pool, and if appropriate, by forest type, age class, and successional stages.
Issue: Climate/Global Climate Change
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Mass of Carbon

Total Forest Biomass (83)
Definition: total mass of carbon in forest ecosystem
Issue: Climate/Global Climate Change
SDI Framework Element: Contribution to Global System
Contribution to Global System Characteristic: Mass of Carbon

Total Tree Growing Stock (68)
Definition: Total growing stock of both merchantable and nonmerchantable tree species on forest land available for timber production.
Issue: Land Use/Deforestation
SDI Framework Element: Productive Capacity
Productive Capacity Characteristic: Volume

Toxic Forest Land (81)
Definition: Area and percent of forest land experiencing an accumulation of persistent toxic substances.
Issue: Environment Quality/Contamination of Soil
SDI Framework Element: Forest Land
Forest Land Characteristic: Area of Forest Land

Value All Forest Products (88)
Definition: Dollars of wood and non-wood products per year divided by Gross Domestic Product times 100
Issue: Production/Production Efficiency
SDI Framework Element: Crude Lumber and Wood Products
Crude Lumber and Wood Products Characteristic: Amount of Money

Value Non-wood Forest Products (86)
Definition: Dollars of non-wood forest products per year
Issue: Production/Production Efficiency
SDI Framework Element: Crude Lumber and Wood Products
Crude Lumber and Wood Products Characteristic: Amount of Money

Value Wood Products (85)
Definition: Dollars of wood and wood products per year
Issue: Production/Production Efficiency
SDI Framework Element: Crude Lumber and Wood Products
Crude Lumber and Wood Products Characteristic: Amount of Money

Wood Product Removal (70)
Definition: Annual removal of wood products compared to the volume determined to be sustainable.
Issue: Land Use/Deforestation
SDI Framework Element: Harvesting of Biota
Harvesting of Biota Characteristic: Volume

Wood Products Consumption (87)
Definition: supply and consumption of wood and wood products, including consumption per capita
Issue: Land Use/Deforestation
SDI Framework Element: Crude Lumber and Wood Products
Crude Lumber and Wood Products Characteristic: Amount of Wood Products