In 1990, Dawn Jenkins, of NASA Glenn, became the first woman president of the Cuyahoga Astronomical Association, a 40-year-old organization for amateur astronomers. She is a four-time winner of its Observer of the Year award, and has been recognized by other associations.
	Margaret Galland Kivelson, Ph.D., discovered and measured the magnetic field of Ganymede, the largest moon of Jupiter, and asteroid Gaspra. http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~cwp/images/kivelson5.jpg http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~cwp/phase2/kivelson_Margaret_Galland @881234567.html
	In 1992, Mary V. Zeller, Ph.D., joined NASA to develop thin film sensors for aircraft and spacecraft. Zeller, a chemist, has produced diamond films, oil-free turbomachinery, satellite lubrication, and helped establish a world-class research facility at NASA Glenn to study chemicals, metals, polymers, ceramics, and semiconductors with cutting-edge technologies such as optical, x-ray, and electron spectroscopy equipment.
	In 1993, Ellen Ochoa, Ph.D., became the first Hispanic female to fly on the Space Shuttle. She is a veteran of two space flights and has logged over 484 hours in space. http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/ochoa.html
	On March 24,1993, Carolyn S. Shoemaker, along with husband Gene and David Levy, discovered the comet known as Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, that bombarded Jupiter from July 16 to 22, 1994. She discovered 27 comets and more than 300 asteroids. http://cannon.sfsu.edu/~gmarcy/cswa/history/shoemaker.jpeg
	In September 1993, France Anne Cordova, Ph.D., was named NASA's first female chief scientist. She is credited with research on x-ray sources, accretion discs, and black holes. http://cannon.sfsu.edu/~gmarcy/cswa/history/cordova.html
	In 1996, Karen Weiland, Ph.D., was awarded NASA Glenn's distinguished award for her contributions in fire safety, clean-burning combustion engines, and imaging technology used on sounding rockets, Space Shuttles and the International Space Station. She is recognized by numerous organizations including the National Honor Society of Women Chemists.
	On July 4, 1997, Donna Shirley, Ph.D., the leader of numerous successful space exploration projects, and her team landed the Soujourner Pathfinder robot on Mars. Many women contributed to Pathfinder including Linda Robeck, an engineer assembling the lander; Jackie Lyra, a thermal control engineer; Cindy Oda, a flight control engineer; Jennifer Harris, mission manager during landing, and Kathleen Spellman, deputy science team leader. http://www.witi.com/center/witimuseum/halloffame/previousinducte/ 1997/dshirley.shtml http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/mars/team/harris.html
	In 1997, Kathie Thomas-Keprta was part of the team that discovered, from a Martian meteorite, possible evidence of primitive life on Mars more than 3.6 billion years ago.
	In 1998, Aprille Ericsson-Jackson, Ph.D., received the Women in Science and Engineering award as the best female engineer in the Federal Government. She was the first African-American with a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Howard University and was the first African-American female with a Ph.D. in engineering at NASA Goddard. She has also received numerous other awards from the National Technical Association and the Black Engineers Award. She is an aerospace engineer at NASA Goddard designing innovative guidance, navigation, and control techniques for satellites and space probes. http://quest.arc.nasa.gov:80/women/bios/ae.html
	In 1998, NASA launched a science mission dedicated to research on the brain. The 1990s were declared the Decade of the Brain. Mary Anne Frey was the chief scientist and led the international science research project. She is also working to create the Human Research Facility for the International Space Station and a program for ground-based research in space physiology. She continues to research the effects of gravity on astronauts, and studies ways to overcome effects such as the loss of bone or the tendency to faint when returning to Earth. http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/neuron/team/pics/frey.jpg http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/neuron/team/pics/frey1.gif http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/neuron/team/frey.html
	Kathryn Clark, Ph.D., is selected as the chief scientist for the International Space Station in 1998.
	In 1999, Kari Lewis, chief engineer; Sarah Gavit, project manager; and Suzanne Smrekar, lead scientist; all under the age of 40, held the top three positions on a cutting-edge robotic mission to Mars.

NASA Privacy Statement, Disclaimer,
and Accessibility Certification